HELL'S BELLS:
A Radio History of the Telephone

"HELL'S BELLS: A Radio History of the Telephone" shows what happens when good government meets great production. This 8-part series was sponsored by the Telecommunications Education Trust established by the California Public Utilities Commission and was produced by Gregg McVicar and Pacific Multimedia for Western Public Radio. One of the most exciting radio series IMS has seen, HELL'S BELLS is a fascinating glimpse into the history of telecommunications and has great relevance for those interested in the future of the Internet.

[excerpt]

http://town.hall.org/Archives/radio/IMS/HellsBells/

BUDAPEST'S TELEPHONE NEWSPAPER

In this article, the name of the inventor and founder of the Telefon Hirmond�, Tivadar Pusk�s, is translated into English as "Theodore Buschgasch". At the time this report was written, Budapest, along with Vienna, was one of the dual capitals of the Austro-Hungarian empire. This empire would collapse at the end of World War One in 1918, splintering into numerous small countries, with Budapest becoming the capital of an independent Hungary. (An online PDF scan of the original article is located at The Telephone Newspaper. This article also appeared, somewhat modified, in the April 27, 1901 issue of Electrical Review as A Telephone Newspaper.)
 

---

World's Work, April, 1901, pages 640-643:

THE  TELEPHONE  NEWSPAPER

THE  "TELEFON-HIRMONDO,"  OR  "NEWSTELLER,"  OF  BUDAPEST--THE  DAY'S  NEWS  TOLD  AS  IT  OCCURS  TO  6200  SUBSCRIBERS  IN  THEIR  HOMES--A  REGULAR  PROGRAMME  LASTING  FROM  10.30  A.M.  TO  10.30  P.M.--SUNDAY-NIGHT  CONCERTS  TRANSMITTED  TO  THE  SUBSCRIBERS--A  MOST  SUCCESSFUL  INNOVATION

BY
THOMAS  S.  DENISON
wE are very apt to claim preëminence for America in the matter of inventions and of novel mechanical applications. But the Hungarians have had for eight years in actual working operation a development of the telephone of which few people in the United States know anything, even by report: the telephone newspaper, or Telefon-Hirmondo as it is called, of Budapest.
    For a quarter of a century one of the favorite dreams of the modern prophets has pictured the home equipped with apparatus by means of which one can hear concerts or listen to the latest news, while sitting comfortably by his own fireside. This dream is a fact to-day in Budapest. Music, telegraphic news "hot" from the wires, literary criticism, stock quotations, reports of the Reichsrath, -- the whole flood of matter that fills the columns of our newspapers may be had for the mere lifting of a telephone receiver.
    I went to Budapest last May, expecting to find this unique "newspaper," of which I had heard so much, rather a fad for a few score of people who had sufficient interest to keep it as a passing diversion. To my surprise I found a great journal with all the equipments of a first-class paper in a very lively city of nearly 600,000 people -- all the equipment, that is, except presses, paper, and printer's ink. Telefon Hirmondo has 6200 subscribers. The staff consists of a business manager, an editor-in-chief, four assistant editors, and nine reporters.
    This novel and interesting enterprise was started about eight years ago by Theodore Buschgasch, who had been interested in electricity and had patented some inventions. Mr. Buschgasch died March 16, 1893, and the present efficiency of the paper in all that pertains to its technique is largely due to Mr. Emil von Szveties, who is known on the staff as technical director. His skill and energy have produced great results. The concern is owned by a stock company with a capital of 600,000 florins (about $250,000).
    Telefon-Hirmondo occupies commodious offices on the third and fourth floors of a fine building on one of the finest avenues of Budapest. It divides the entire city into twenty-seven districts, and the main wire runs to each district, with branch wires to the houses. An accurate map of the system hangs in the central office. The company owns its own wires and plant throughout, and has the same right to place wires that is enjoyed by the telephone and telegraph companies.

[excerpt]

http://earlyradiohistory.us/telenew1.htm

[creative-radio] Community Radio in Bangladesh

 

Community Radio in Bangladesh

Lucio N Tabing

http://nation.ittefaq.com/issues/2010/04/12/news0543.htm

The community radio movement in Bangladesh has started on the right foot
though it may find itself balancing on a narrow plank.

The Bangladesh Ministry of Information, in collaboration with various
stakeholders, has put together a set of guidelines called "community radio
installation, broadcast and operation policy." The paper encompasses
definition, fundamental principles, eligibility of applicants, technical
structure, licensing process and fees as well as technical structure and
other terms and conditions.

Indeed the framers of the policies should be applauded for the painstaking
job and the pretty comprehensive document they have produced. With community
radio virtually unknown in the country, the authors drew insights from
experiences of foreign countries and the ever growing community radio
movements across the globe. A few relevant points are brought up for
consideration in this article.

Crusaders in many developing countries have not been as fortunate to have
the support of their governments. Bangladesh authority has decided to try
the novel system in selected rural areas as it is now poised to issue dozens
of licenses.

Community radio in Asia is new and rare. In developing regions such as in
South America and Africa as well as in developed countries of North America,
Europe and Australia, tens of thousands of community radios are mushrooming.
In the Asian region, where two out of every three people on the planet live,
there are only over 250 or so genuine community radio stations.

Many Asian media and broadcast systems have been in the grip of governments
that are autocracies. Where the system is open to private entrepreneurs, the
commercial media dominate. It can be said that Asia's media system in
general is largely driven by one or two or three motives of 5Ps -- profit,
politics, propaganda, privilege and power. Service to the society is only a
pretext for gaining a foothold. It is due to these grim realities that the
growth of community broadcasting in Asia has been relatively slow.

Four years ago, India was preparing to set up thousands of community radios.
What has materialized there so far are campus radio stations that are run
under the auspices of universities. Nepal has reported over a hundred
existing stations. Philippines has over four dozens. Indonesia has hundreds
of local private stations and Thailand counts several hundreds too - some
are either private, government or community audio towers. Though not in
terms of number but perhaps of quality, Sri Lanka which started pioneering
experiments on community involvement in radio may have the most
people-driven low-power facilities.

We can now expect that in this second decade of the 21st century, there will
be a burgeoning of community radio in the region specially in South Asia.
Interesting to watch will be the Indian and Bangladeshi governments giving
formal assent and support to the new broadcast sector.

Bangladesh is now ready to grant licenses to applicants for community
radios. A number of preparatory seminars have been conducted in preparation
for CR operation. We were pleasantly surprised to know that in 2008, Radio
Veritas Asia in Dhaka organized a training in Khulna on community radio.

Certainly a series of intensive trainings and workshops on CR operation have
to be conducted for the prospective licensees, trainers, policy makers and
advocates. Organizing and training the local level participants is a huge
task that must be undertaken seriously. Among the many topics that stand as
priorities are station management, participatory program production,
technical operation, pertinent media laws, code of conduct, conflict
management, handling sensitive issues, sustainability schemes and
integrating new media with C.R. Training of trainers on the subject matter
should be organized at the national and regional levels. It takes just a few
hundred thousand takas and one or two days to install the equipment. The
heavier investment should be on the preparation of people who will work
around the facility. Bangladesh government must also review the terms and
policies that it has devised in order that community radio will move towards
it's avowed direction - development, empowerment, education and social
equality.

Firstly, the license fee of Taka 20,000 and the bond requirement of Taka
100,000 are onerous for small communities. Coupled with this is the
provision that "Government reserves the right to revoke the license at
anytime in public interest in case of violation of the terms and conditions
provided." These provisions unnerve a community which has inadequate means.

Other guidelines too appear restrictive and intimidating. For instance, an
"advisory committee" composed largely of representatives from government
functionaries and police will be formed to "monitor the operation of
community radio." Such a committee may seem unnecessary. It gives an
opportunity for the government functionaries to encroach on the programming
and editorial matters of the stations.

To enable the broadcast media to function as a genuine exponent of
democracy, the radio should be in the hands of the community members. It
must be free from coercion, intimidation and threats from any quarter
whether from government, politics, commerce, rebels or religious
fundamentalists. Community radio's real master is the community. It should
be answerable only to the society and the country within the framework of
the laws that govern the land.

While it could be argued that there might be overriding or impending
situations of rebellion and terrorism, the inclusion of government monitors
is not justified as it does not provide a conducive atmosphere for the
radios to function freely. Those who wield power and force, should stay away
from the C.R. arena which espouses a cause where the name of the game is
creativity and marketing of ideas. .

It is also incomprehensible as to why cooperatives have not been included in
the list of those eligible for licenses. Coops, by its very nature
characterize an exercise of collective decision making and have the inherent
motive of community building. Or is it that they are regarded in the
category of NGOs? How about foundations, associations and schools that are
inherently free from political and commercial interests? Experience has it
that in many countries, coops are generally among organizations that
demonstrate an independent capacity for sound CR management.

Furthermore, schools could be licensed to operate community radios. Tertiary
schools that offer courses in communication or technology courses can make
use of the CR as a laboratory and a tool for technology extension.
Agricultural schools will find great use for the CR in bringing technology
to its farmer clientele.

In the policies, criticizing individuals, which may include public
officials, is also forbidden. This amounts to muzzling the watch dog which
is the time-honoured role that communication media play in society. Putting
a gag on community members to discuss publicly how their leaders and public
officials perform will embolden ill-meaning local functionaries to commit
anomalies, corruption and other wrong doings. On the other hand, by opening
up discussions on performance of public officials, community radio promotes
accountability and transparency in governance. If it is so feared that
community radio users could step beyond their lines, there should be enough
laws in force in Bangladesh pertaining to slander, oral defamation and libel
that could be invoked. Community radio operators should rather be guided on
how to formulate and follow their own code of conduct and ethics and be
enlightened on relevant laws of the land. The CR advocates, participants and
policy makers should repose their trust in the community and its leaders and
adopt a liberal attitude towards them.

There should be a full understanding on the relevance of people
participation in media as well as in the empowerment or development of
marginalized sectors. We ought to believe that ordinary people know how they
will conduct themselves in a public platform. We must have faith in the
capability of individuals and the collective will to discuss, plan and carry
out what is good for them.

Such is the spirit of the freedom of expression that is enshrined in the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights. "Citizens have the right to freedom
of expression, opinions and beliefs and this right includes the right to
seek, impart and receive information, regardless of frontiers.' Community
radio movement was born out of a spirit of bringing benefits and empowerment
to the marginalized communities whose rights and opportunities are often
wanting or limited.

The young movement of community radio in Bangladesh which is now taking a
definite shape, should be free from restrictive provisions and intimidation.
It has started right and it must move right.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

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[creative-radio] Fwd: Searching for people to lead dialogue on the use of radio

New Tactics has run some very interesting dialogues in the human rights/technology space, but I think this dialogue will need solid participation/framing from the media development community (including working radio journalists in the South!) in particular to contribute more contemporary perspectives on the relationship between media, journalism and civil society.

Regards, Sameer
--
Sameer Padania
http://blog.sameerpadania.com
http://twitter.com/sameerpadania

Begin forwarded message:

> From: Kristin Antin <kjantin@gmail.com>
> Subject: Searching for people to lead dialogue on the use of radio
>
> Hi all,
>
> Greetings from New Tactics! Hope you are doing well.
>
> I am writing to you to see if you or any of your colleagues would be interested in helping to lead our upcoming dialogue on 'Using Radio to Empower and Engage Communities' from May 26 – June 1, 2010.
> As you know, human rights groups are finding new ways to reach their audience through radio and audio work. This dialogue will bring together human rights practitioners using community radio to empower communities, shortwave radio to reach communities limited by government-run media and radio stations, and other innovative uses of audio to share critical information. This tactical dialogue is a space for those working with and interested in using community / shortwave radio and other forms of audio to share their stories, challenges, resources and ideas.
>
> The New Tactics on-line discussions are not conducted in "real time" but over a 7-day period allowing for world-wide participation. We understand how busy you are as well as the others we are seeking to reach and engage in the dialogue. Our growing New Tactics on-line community has over 2,500 members from over 120 countries. We have conducted 25 dialogues to date on a wide range of topics since September 2007 when we launched our Web 2.0 site (http://www.newtactics.org). Our most recent on-line dialogue, Tactics That Tickle: Laughing All the Way to the Win focused on the use of humor.
>
> Please let me know if you are interested!
>
> Thanks!

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

------------------------------------

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[creative-radio] [press] Siapa saja di Jangan Marah records...

 

Jangan Marah Records 
 
Jangan Marah Records adalah sebuah indie label yang didirikan di Jakarta pada 2010 oleh kelompok musik Efek Rumah Kaca.
Kecintaan akan musik, semangat untuk bertahan dan berkembang, serta hasrat memperkenalkan lagu-lagu yang kami suka, adalah segala yang menjadikan kami mendirikan label mungil ini. Label yang akan menjadi salah satu rumah bersama bagi kami dan teman-teman musisi independen aneka genre untuk terus berupaya memproduksi rilisan, membangun jaringan, dan berkomunikasi.
Tentunya indie label semacam ini sudah cukup banyak dikenal di berbagai kota di Indonesia. Kehadiran Jangan Marah Records adalah inisiatif meneruskan dan melengkapi kebutuhan akan label semacam ini. Memberi ruang baru bagi kami dan sesama musisi. Menambah ruang pilihan musik bagi publik.
Keterbatasan di sana-sini pasti akan selalu terjadi. Namun kami berusaha untuk bisa memaksimalkannya dan menghasilkan kebebasan karya sebaik mungkin.
Sepanjang 2010, Jangan Marah Records telah dan akan merilis album-album berikut ini. Dan nantikan rilis tournya yang dimulai tanggal 7 Mei sampai 16 Mei 2010.
 
EFEK RUMAH KACA: "KAMAR GELAP"
Diproduksi bersama Pura Pura Records
 
Album kedua Efek Rumah Kaca,"Kamar Gelap" yang pertamakali beredar pada Desember 2008, telah diproduksi kembali oleh Jangan Marah Records bekerjasama dengan Pura Pura Records. Pada edisi ini, selain tetap memuat 12 lagu dan sejumlah foto karya Angki Purbandono, juga terdapat bonus video klip "Kenakalan Remaja di Era Informatika" (sutradara: Anggun Priambodo), "Balerina" (sutradara: Wastu dan Reza), dan "Banyak Asap di Sana" (sutradara: Famosanda & Wolfgang Xemandros). Dua video terkahir adalah karya pemenang pertama dan kedua dari kompetisi video klip Efek Rumah Kaca bertajuk "Video Melulu" yang diadakan tahun silam bersama majalah Hai dan www.hai-online.com.
 
www.myspace.com/efekrumahkaca
www.facebook.com/efekrumahkaca
www.twitter.com/efekrumahkaca
 
 
ZEKE KHASELI:  "SALACCA ZALACCA"
Diproduksi bersama Blackmorse Records dan Demajors
 
Seperti apa kehidupan di masa depan? Zeke Khaseli- vokalis/gitaris/pianis dari band LAIN, Zeke & The Popo, dan Mantra- menyiapkan paket audio-visual untuk debut album solonya, Salacca Zalacca. Album ini mencuratkan kesan ala film fiksi ilmiah (sci-fi) dengan gaya lo-fi, mungkin ini dinamakan "sci-lo-fi"? Salacca Zalacca berisi kumpulan lagu yang ditulis dan dirilis secera free download seminggu sekali via http: zekekhaseli.com pada Agustus 2009 sampai awal Januari 2010. Semua lagu direkam sendirian di kamar- menggunakan beberapa alat musik dan perangkat lunak. Salacca Zalacca seperti perang galaksi antara Blur, Beck, Flaming Lips, Pavement, dan Adam Green. Sementara liriknya adalah olahan obrolan keseharian dengan sentuhan dimensi fantasi yang banyak dipengaruhi oleh sinema. Salacca Zalacca memuat 17 lagu, dirilis dengan 5 cover album (beserta desain booklet dan sampul cakram) yang berbeda. 
Single Pertama: Pipis di Celana
 
www.zekekhaseli.com
www.myspace.com/zekedewinter
www.twitter.com/zekekhaseli
 
 
BANGKUTAMAN: "ODE BUAT KOTA"
Diproduksi bersama Demajors
 
Terbentuk di Yogyakarta pada 1999, trio Bangkutaman kini mengalami fase terbarunya. Di album kedua ini, pengaruh sound The Stone Roses menjadi semakin berasimilasi dengan gaya tutur musikal Bob Dylan, The Velvet Underground, The Byrds, Donovan, The Who, bahkan Led Zeppelin. Juga ada rasa pengaruh classic rock lokal di kolong jembatannya. Plus, dihangatkan sunshine pop. Kembali ke Jakarta, menjalani "hidup baru", dan menempuh berbagai profesi, telah menggiring lagu-lagu Bangkutaman pada tema-tema perkotaan yang mengandung segenap kisah, penat, dan satir. Puitisnya gitar 12 senar dan hembusan harmonika, kadang ditemani organ, melajukan lirik-lirik Bangkutaman ke depan telinga. Beat drum dan bas yang masih suka menyelonong ke area Madchaster, jadi bumbu dansa rahasia.
Single Pertama: Ode Buat Kota
 
www.myspace.com/bangkutamanyk
www.twitter.com/bangkutaman
 
 
SIR DANDY: "VOl. 1"
Seniman visual sekaligus vokalis Teeenage Death Star mempersembahkan album solonya yang pertama. Sir Dandy adalah gelora untuk mencipta lagu tiga chord terkeren masa kini. Skill bernyanyi dan bermain gitar yang terbatas, dengan hasil di luar batas. Notasi mudah dinyanyikan bersama. Lirik-lirik bijaksana tapi berbahaya. Refleksi peristiwa sehari-hari. Nyanyian realitas dengan kepekaan dan presentasi yang penuh kejutan. Folk song yang slebor, namun nyaman di kuping. Oplosan jiwa Pete Doherty dan Johny Iskandar. Spontanitas terdepan. Monolog troubadour urban. Sederhana dan tidak alakadarnya.
Single Pertama: Jakarta Motor City
 
www.myspace.com/sirdandyoriginal
www.twitter.com/sir_dandy
 
 
 
THE KUCRUTS: "MEWARNAI JIWA YANG TERGUNCANG"
New wave mentah guncangan puberitas. Mereka bersenang-senang dan gagal menjadi dewasa. Tema lagu meliputi panas dan terlarangnya mengencani waria, belanja di lapak busana second hand, hingga ambigu batin remaja tuna susila. Diselingi renungan standar seorang pecundang cinta, empat pria The Kucruts membuka kembali packaging mainan kaset Bandempo di tahun 2000, menyeka maskara Robert Smith dan menggantinya dengan cryon warna-warni, lalu mempertanyakan mitos sepasang dengkul terhadap gesekan sabun masturbasi.
Single Pertama: Bukan Propaganda
 
www.myspace.com/thekucruts
www.twitter.com/thekucruts

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[creative-radio] Beri Aku Kekasih

 

Artist : D'Venue

Lagu :  Beri Aku Kekasih

Label : Keci Music

 

Links Dowanloads

http://www.4shared.com/file/246538877/10662206/DVENUE_-_BERI_AKU_KEKASIH.htmlhttp://www.mediafire.com/file/ddx0z2tdvmz/D'VENUE - BERI AKU KEKASIH.mp3

Eko Purwanto FDR 138/JKT
Promotion Executive
KECI Music Indonesia
Jl. Bangka XI Nomor 3A,
Kemang-Pela Mampang, Mampang Prapatan, Jakarta 12720
Phone : (021) 719 9899
Fax     : (021) 719 9898

email : ekpurwanto@yahoo.com / ekpurwanto@gmail.com
Phone : +6285649962233 / +6281350496886
PIN BB : 27FD4352

www.kecimusic.com

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[creative-radio] File - A Monthly Housekeeping Reminder

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Creative-Radio is an independent forum for people active in or interested in the use of radio in development, in particular promoting public health, improved education, protection of the environment, improved livelihoods, good governance and conflict mitigation. Since it started in 1996, Creative-Radio has been in the forefront of radio�s resurgence as a tool for social change and peace-building, and it helps promote best practice in these areas.

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Creative-Radio is an independent forum for people active in or interested in the use of radio in development, in particular promoting public health, improved education, protection of the environment, improved livelihoods, good governance and conflict mitigation. Since it started in 1996, Creative-Radio has been in the forefront of radio's resurgence as a tool for social change and peace-building, and it helps promote best practice in these areas.

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